How to cool and remove chips in deep hole machining equipment for shafts?

Since deep hole machining equipment for shafts has high requirements for hole depth and machining accuracy, the design and operation of the cooling and chip removal system are crucial. During deep hole machining, the friction and cutting action between the tool and the workpiece will generate a lot of heat, and the supply of coolant and the smooth discharge of chips are directly related to the stability, accuracy and efficiency of machining. Therefore, how to reasonably design and use the cooling and chip removal system is the key to ensuring the quality of deep hole machining of shafts.
The function of the cooling system is mainly to reduce the heat generated during the machining process and keep the temperature of the tool and workpiece within an appropriate range. Through efficient coolant supply, it can effectively reduce tool wear, improve machining accuracy, and prevent the influence of thermal expansion or thermal deformation on the hole diameter and hole shape. In the process of deep hole machining, due to the large depth of the hole, it is difficult to achieve uniform and effective cooling with traditional cooling methods. For this reason, modern deep hole machining equipment for shafts generally adopts internal cooling technology, and the coolant is directly transported to the cutting point through the inside of the tool, thereby achieving more accurate and efficient cooling.
This internal cooling method can not only reduce the surface temperature of the tool and reduce the wear of the tool, but also take away the debris generated during the cutting process to prevent it from accumulating in the cutting area and affecting the processing quality. In addition, when the internal cooling coolant is sprayed to the cutting point, it can also effectively form a liquid film to reduce the direct contact between the metal and the tool surface, thereby reducing friction and extending the tool life. This cooling method can ensure the stability of the tool under high temperature conditions, while avoiding tool deformation or damage caused by high temperature.
Closely related to the cooling system is the chip removal system. In the process of deep hole processing, especially long hole processing, a large amount of debris will be generated during the cutting process. If these debris cannot be discharged in time, it will affect the cutting efficiency and may even cause serious problems such as collision between the tool and the workpiece and tool breakage. In order to avoid this situation, modern deep hole machining equipment for shafts is usually equipped with an efficient chip removal system to ensure that the debris can be smoothly discharged from the processing area.
The design of chip removal needs to consider multiple factors such as the depth of the hole, the type of debris and the cutting method. Usually, the chip removal system of deep hole processing equipment takes away the generated debris in time by setting a suction device or an external guide pipe. For long deep hole processing, the chip removal system may need to adopt an internal and external two-way chip removal method. Through the cooperation of internal cooling and external chip removal devices, it can ensure that chips are not easy to accumulate during the entire processing process, thereby maintaining smooth and efficient processing.
The design of the chip removal system should also pay attention to the way of handling chips to avoid the accumulation of chips inside the equipment, causing blockage or damage to the equipment. In some cases, the chip removal system also needs to be equipped with a filtering device to prevent small chips from entering the equipment and affecting the flow of coolant or the normal operation of other precision parts.